Act under British Rule - Study material for Various departmental Examination

Regulating Act, 1773-First step taken by the British Government to control and regulate the affairs of the East India Company in India

Pitt's India Act, 1784 It was introduced to remove the drawbacks of the Regulating Act

Charter Act, 1813  Monopoly of the Company's trade abolished except trade in tea & trade with China

Charter Act, 1833 It made the Governor-General of Bengal as the Governor-General of India.

Charter Act, 1853 The legislative and executive functions of the Governor-General's Council were separated.

Government of India Act, 1858 This Act transferred the Government territories and revenues of India from the East India Company to the British Crown.

Indian Councils Act, 1861 Governor- General's Executive Council should have some Indians as the non-official members while transacting the legislative businesses.

Indian Councils Act, 1892  Enlarged the functions of the Legislative Councils and gave them the power of discussing the Budget and addressing questions to the Executive

Indian Councils Act, 1909- This Act is also known as the Morley-Minto Reforms (Lord Morley was the then Secretary of State for India and Lord Minto was the then Governor- General of India). Introduction of an element of direct elections to the Legislative Councils

Government of India Act, 1919-  This Act is also known as the Montague Chelmsford Reforms. Montague was the then Secretary of State and Lord Chelmsford was the then Governor General of India. The act was meant to provide "Responsible Govt". in India

Government of India Act of 1935  The Act provided for the establishment of an 'All-India Federation' consisting of the Provinces and the Princely States as the units.

Indian Independence Act of 1947 It declared India as an Independent and Sovereign State

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Some useful information about Tax and Economic crimes

Taxes  Taxes can be broadly divided  into two Direct Taxes (ii) Indirect Taxes.

Personal Income tax, corporate tax, estate duty, gift tax and wealth tax come under direct taxes.

Sales tax, excise duty, customs duty and service taxes come under indirect taxes.

Union Excise Duties are the chief source of revenue of the Central Government.  Excise duties, customs duties,

income tax, service tax and corporation tax are levied by the Central Government.

Sales tax is the major source  of revenue to the State Government.

Land revenue, stamp duties and  registration fees are collected by the states.

Estate duty on property other than agricultural income is collected by the central government.

The agricultural income has been exempted from the Union Income Tax. But the states have the statutory powers to do that.

Taxation is a part of fiscal Policy  Interest is a taxable income

Octroi is the tax imposed on articles coming into a city; it simply means city tax.

The most important source of revenue for the government -taxes.  Direct Tax: It is levied directly. In India, two types of direct taxes are mainly

(1) Personal annual estimate of expenditure and revenue of a country or a subordinate authority like a corporation

Article 112 of the constitution of India deals with budget or annual financial statement

Consolidated Fund in India It consists of all revenue and loans  received by the government.

Contingency Fund The fund comprises the sum placed at the disposal of the president to meet unforeseen expenditure.

Acts related with  Economic  Crime Income Tax Act Customs Act 1962 COFEPOSA, 1974 Central Excise and Salt Act, 1944 Antiquity and Art Treasures Act, 1972 Foreign Exchange Regulations Act, 1973 Import & Export (Control) Act, 1947 Banking Regulation Act, 1949 Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act, 1976 Passport Act, 1920/IPC

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Answer Key for IPO Examination - 2011

Here  you  can  download   the  answer key of   IPO examination  2011

Answer  Key           ----      DOWNLOAD

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Previous Year Question Paper for IPO Examination (2011)

Here  you  can  download   the previous year question paper  for IPO  Examination
Paper    I	DOWNLOAD
PAPER   II	DOWNLOAD
PAPER  III	DOWNLOAD
PAPER  IV	DOWNLOAD
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Details of LGO Examination 2012

Date for  Competitive Examination for promotion  of Lower Grade Officials to the cadre of Postal Assistants/Sorting Assistants for the year 2012  has been  announced 

The  main  points   are  furnished  below 

Eligibility  for LGO  Examination	Pattern and syllabus for the LGO        Examination
1. Postman/Mail Guard in the Pay Band-1 of Rs. 5200-20200 + Grade Pay of Rs. 2000 of the concerned unit/division  with 3 years of regular service in the  grade.	No  Of paper	Syllabus	Duration	No. of MCQs	Qualifying Marks
	Paper-I	General English/Hindi and  Grammar, Arithmetic & Tabulation	1 Hour	50	40% in each Paper for Gen. Category and 33% for SC/ST categor
2. Despatch Rider, in the Pay Band-1 of Rs. 5200-20200 + Grade Pay of Rs. 1900 of  the concerned unit/division  with 5 years of regular service in the grade  including any regular service put in the erstwhile Group ‘D’ post on regular basis.
	PaperII	For Postal Assistant:- Part-A: Knowledge of Postal/Mail office operation with reference to Post Office Guide	1 Hour	50	40% in each Paper for Gen. Category and 33% for SC/ST category
3. Multi-Tasking Staff in the Pay Band-1 of Rs. 5200-20200 + Grade Pay of Rs. 1800 of the concerned unit/division  with 5 years of regular service in the grade  including any regular service put in the erstwhile Group ‘D’ post on regular basis.
		For Sorting Assistant:- Part-B: Postal Manual, Volume VII.
4.  For the purpose of computing minimum regular service, the service  rendered on regular basis as on 01-01-2012 is to be taken as cut-off date.
Points to  remember 1.                     The Examination will be without the aid of the Books 2.                     Date  of  the  LGO  above examination on   9th  September, 2012 (Sunday)     If you  want  to  see  the previous  question  paper  for  above  said  examination               (For  paper I    Solved Question  Paper  :  QNO  1 to   30   )    Please  Click    here        :     DOWNLOAD/VIEW
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Presidents and Vice Presidents of India- Study material for IPO Examination

PRESIDENTS 

1950-1962	Rajendra Prasad
1962–1967	Dr.S.Radhakrishnan
1967–1969	Zakir Hussain
1969–1974	V.V.Giri
1974–1977	Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
1977–1982	N.Sanjiva Reddy
1982–1987	Gyani Zail Singh
1987–1992	R.Venkataraman
1992–1997	Dr.Shankar Dayal Sharma
1997–2002	K.R.Narayanan
2002–2007	Dr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam
2007, July 25th (Now)	Pratibha Patil

VICE PRESIDENTS 

1952-1962	S.Radhakrishnan
1962–1967	Zakir Hussain
1967–1969	V.V.Giri
1969–1974	G.S.Pathak
1974–1979	B.D.Jatti
1979–1984	Md. Hidayatullah
1984–1987	R.Venkataraman
1987–1992	Dr.S.D. Sharma
1992–1997	K.R.Narayanan
1997–2002	Krishan Kanth
2002–2007	Bhairon Singh Shekawat
2007, August 10th (Now)	Mohammad Hamid Anzari

Three per cent quota in Government Service for the Disabled is only for initial appointments not for Promotions - Madras High Court

Three per cent quota in government service for the disabled is only for initial appointments, and the government cannot be directed to extend it for promotions, ruled the Madras High Court on Monday.

Dismissing a petition seeking a direction to the government to reserve three per cent for promotions to physically handicapped persons, Justice K. Chandru said: “The provisions are contemplated only for initial appointments and not for promotions. The petitioner has not made out any case to seek a direction to provide for reservation for the disabled persons in the matter of promotions in respect of State services.”

The writ petition was filed by the South Arcot Vallalar District Handicapped Welfare Association, represented by its president S. Shanmugam, seeking reservation for the disabled in promotions. If suitable employees were not available in a particular year, the unfilled posts could be carried over for the next three succeeding years.

When the matter was heard, the State Commissioner for the Disabled stated that there was no government policy to reserve three per cent of posts in promotions to be filled from the disabled category.

The disabled persons were considered only for the direct recruitment posts under three per cent reservation as per a G.O issued in 1981. Promotions were made in government departments based on seniority or transfer of service.

Mr. Justice Chandru said it could be seen from the G.O. that reservation for disabled persons was only horizontal and not vertical as contemplated in Article 16 of the Constitution.

He said that even in respect of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, it was only by virtue of amendments made to the Constitution and by introduction of Article 16(4A) that the State had been empowered to make provision for reservation in promotion to any class or classes of posts in the service

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